問題描述
我最近一直在做單元測試，我已經使用 MOQ 框架和 MS Test 成功地模擬了各種場景.我知道我們無法測試私有方法，但我想知道我們是否可以使用 MOQ 模擬靜態方法.
I have been doing unit testing recently and I've successfully mocked various scenarios using MOQ framework and MS Test. I know we can't test private methods but I want to know if we can mock static methods using MOQ.
推薦答案
起訂量(和其他DynamicProxy-based 模擬框架)無法模擬任何不是虛擬或抽象方法的東西.
Moq (and other DynamicProxy-based mocking frameworks) are unable to mock anything that is not a virtual or abstract method.
只能使用基于 Profiler API 的工具來偽造密封/靜態類/方法，例如 Typemock(商業)或 Microsoft Moles(免費，在 Visual Studio 2012 Ultimate 中稱為 Fakes/2013/2015).
Sealed/static classes/methods can only be faked with Profiler API based tools, like Typemock (commercial) or Microsoft Moles (free, known as Fakes in Visual Studio 2012 Ultimate /2013 /2015).
或者，您可以重構您的設計以抽象調用靜態方法，并通過依賴注入將此抽象提供給您的類.那么您不僅會有更好的設計，而且還可以使用免費工具(例如 Moq)進行測試.
Alternatively, you could refactor your design to abstract calls to static methods, and provide this abstraction to your class via dependency injection. Then you'd not only have a better design, it will be testable with free tools, like Moq.
無需完全使用任何工具即可應用允許可測試性的通用模式.考慮以下方法:
A common pattern to allow testability can be applied without using any tools altogether. Consider the following method:
public class MyClass
{
public string[] GetMyData(string fileName)
{
string[] data = FileUtil.ReadDataFromFile(fileName);
return data;
}
}
您可以將其包裝在 protected virtual 方法中，而不是嘗試模擬 FileUtil.ReadDataFromFile，如下所示:
Instead of trying to mock FileUtil.ReadDataFromFile, you could wrap it in a protected virtual method, like this:
public class MyClass
{
public string[] GetMyData(string fileName)
{
string[] data = GetDataFromFile(fileName);
return data;
}
protected virtual string[] GetDataFromFile(string fileName)
{
return FileUtil.ReadDataFromFile(fileName);
}
}
然后，在您的單元測試中，從 MyClass 派生并將其命名為 TestableMyClass.然后你可以重寫 GetDataFromFile 方法來返回你自己的測試數據.
Then, in your unit test, derive from MyClass and call it TestableMyClass. Then you can override the GetDataFromFile method to return your own test data.
希望對您有所幫助.
這篇關于如何使用 MOQ 框架在 c# 中模擬靜態方法?的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網！