問題描述

我有一個圖像加載器類，我需要在其中測試一些靜態(tài)方法.由于 Mockito 不支持靜態(tài)方法，我切換到 Power Mockito.但是我正在測試的靜態(tài)方法有一個方法調(diào)用

 Base64.encodeToString(byteArray, Base64.DEFAULT);

為了模擬這個，我使用 mockStatic 方法如下，帶有@PrepareForTest 注釋.

 PowerMockito.mockStatic(Base64.class);

但 Android Studio 正在返回我仍然返回如下錯誤.

org.powermock.api.mockito.ClassNotPreparedException:類android.util.Base64 未準(zhǔn)備好進行測試.要準(zhǔn)備這堂課，請?zhí)砑?@PrepareForTest' 注釋的類.

下面是我的完整代碼.

要測試的代碼:

導(dǎo)入android.graphics.Bitmap；導(dǎo)入android.graphics.BitmapFactory；導(dǎo)入 android.util.Base64；導(dǎo)入android.widget.ImageView；公共靜態(tài)字符串 convertBitmapToBase64(位圖 imageBitmap, boolean withCompression) {ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();imageBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 120, byteArrayOutputStream);byte[] byteArray = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();返回 Base64.encodeToString(byteArray, Base64.DEFAULT);}

測試類代碼

導(dǎo)入android.graphics.Bitmap；導(dǎo)入 android.util.Base64；導(dǎo)入 org.junit.Before；導(dǎo)入 org.junit.runner.RunWith；導(dǎo)入 org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations；導(dǎo)入 org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito；導(dǎo)入 org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest；導(dǎo)入 org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner；導(dǎo)入 org.testng.annotations.Test；@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)@PrepareForTest({Base64.class})公共類 ImageLoaderTest {@測試公共無效 testConvertBitmap(){字節(jié)[]數(shù)組=新字節(jié)[20]；PowerMockito.mockStatic(Base64.class);PowerMockito.when(Base64.encodeToString(array, Base64.DEFAULT)).thenReturn("asdfghjkl");位圖 mockedBitmap=PowerMockito.mock(Bitmap.class);字符串輸出 = ImageLoaderUtils.convertBitmapToBase64(mockedBitmap);斷言 (!output.isEmpty());}

}

Gradle 依賴項

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock:1.6.5'testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:1.6.5'testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:1.6.5'

簡答你不能.這里來自 FAQ:

Mockito 有什么限制

• 無法模擬最終課程
• 無法模擬靜態(tài)方法
• 不能模擬最終方法 - 它們的真實行為會毫無例外地執(zhí)行.Mockito 無法警告您模擬最終方法，所以保持警惕.

有關(guān)此限制的更多信息:

我可以模擬靜態(tài)方法嗎?

沒有.Mockito 更喜歡面向?qū)ο蠛鸵蕾囎⑷腚y以理解的靜態(tài)程序代碼改變.如果你處理可怕的遺留代碼，你可以使用 JMockit 或 Powermock 來模擬靜態(tài)方法.

如果你想使用 PowerMock 試試這樣:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)@PrepareForTest( { Base64.class })公共類 YourTestCase {@測試公共無效測試靜態(tài)(){模擬靜態(tài)(Base64.class)；when(Base64.encodeToString(argument)).thenReturn("預(yù)期結(jié)果");}}

在 Mockito 2 現(xiàn)在可以模擬最終類和最終方法.這是一個可選的選項.您需要使用以下內(nèi)容創(chuàng)建文件 src/test/resources/mockito-extensions/org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker:

mock-maker-inline

編輯 2:由于 Mockito 3.4.0 現(xiàn)在可以 模擬靜態(tài)方法:

try (MockedStatic mocked = mockStatic(Base64.class)) {mocked.when(() -> Base64.encodeToString(eq(array), eq(Base64.DEFAULT))).thenReturn("bar");assertEquals("bar", Base64.encodeToString(array, Base64.DEFAULT));mocked.verify(() -> Base64.encodeToString(any(), anyIn());}

此外，您可以直接添加為依賴項 org.mockito:mockito-inline:+ 并避免手動創(chuàng)建 or.mockito.plugins.MockMaker 文件

從 Mockito 3.5.0 開始，您還可以 模擬對象構(gòu)造.

I have an image loader class and i need to test some static methods in it. Since Mockito does not support static methods i switched to Power Mockito. But the static method i am testing has a method call

 Base64.encodeToString(byteArray, Base64.DEFAULT);

To mock this i am using mockStatic method as below with @PrepareForTest annotation.

 PowerMockito.mockStatic(Base64.class);

But Android studio is returning me still returning me an error as below.

org.powermock.api.mockito.ClassNotPreparedException: The class android.util.Base64 not prepared for test. To prepare this class, add class to the '@PrepareForTest' annotation.

Below is my complete code.

Code to be tested:

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.util.Base64;
import android.widget.ImageView;

  public static String convertBitmapToBase64(Bitmap imageBitmap, boolean withCompression) {
    ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    imageBitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 120, byteArrayOutputStream);
    byte[] byteArray = byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
    return Base64.encodeToString(byteArray, Base64.DEFAULT);
}

Test class code

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.util.Base64;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({Base64.class})
public class ImageLoaderTest  {
@Test
   public void testConvertBitmap(){
    byte[] array = new byte[20];
    PowerMockito.mockStatic(Base64.class);
    PowerMockito.when(Base64.encodeToString(array, Base64.DEFAULT)).thenReturn("asdfghjkl");
    Bitmap mockedBitmap= PowerMockito.mock(Bitmap.class);
    String output = ImageLoaderUtils.convertBitmapToBase64(mockedBitmap);
    assert (!output.isEmpty());
}

}

Gradle dependencies

testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock:1.6.5'
testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:1.6.5'
testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:1.6.5'

Short answer you can't. Here from the FAQ:

What are the limitations of Mockito

• Cannot mock final classes
• Cannot mock static methods
• Cannot mock final methods - their real behavior is executed without any exception. Mockito cannot warn you about mocking final methods so be vigilant.

Further information about this limitation:

Can I mock static methods?

No. Mockito prefers object orientation and dependency injection over static, procedural code that is hard to understand & change. If you deal with scary legacy code you can use JMockit or Powermock to mock static methods.

If you want to use PowerMock try like this:

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest( { Base64.class })
public class YourTestCase {
    @Test
    public void testStatic() {
        mockStatic(Base64.class);
        when(Base64.encodeToString(argument)).thenReturn("expected result");
    }
}

EDIT: In Mockito 2 it's now possible to mock final Class and final Method. It's an opt-in option. You need to create the file src/test/resources/mockito-extensions/org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker with the following content:

mock-maker-inline

EDIT 2: Since Mockito 3.4.0 its now possible to mock static method too:

try (MockedStatic mocked = mockStatic(Base64.class)) {
    mocked.when(() -> Base64.encodeToString(eq(array), eq(Base64.DEFAULT))).thenReturn("bar");
    assertEquals("bar", Base64.encodeToString(array, Base64.DEFAULT));
    mocked.verify(() -> Base64.encodeToString(any(), anyIn());
}

Furthermore you can directly add as a dependency org.mockito:mockito-inline:+ and avoid manually create the or.mockito.plugins.MockMaker file

Since Mockito 3.5.0 you can also mock object construction.

這篇關(guān)于使用 power mockito 模擬方法調(diào)用 - org.powermock.api.mockito.ClassNotPreparedException的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網(wǎng)！