問題描述

我正在嘗試用 Python 讀取 BMP 文件.我知道前兩個字節表示 BMP 公司.接下來的 4 個字節是文件大小.當我執行時:

I'm trying to read a BMP file in Python. I know the first two bytes indicate the BMP firm. The next 4 bytes are the file size. When I execute:

fin = open("hi.bmp", "rb")
firm = fin.read(2)  
file_size = int(fin.read(4))  

我明白了:

ValueError: int() 以 10 為底的無效文字:'F#x13'

ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'F#x13'

我想要做的是將這四個字節作為整數讀取，但似乎 Python 正在將它們作為字符讀取并返回一個字符串，該字符串無法轉換為整數.我怎樣才能正確地做到這一點?

What I want to do is reading those four bytes as an integer, but it seems Python is reading them as characters and returning a string, which cannot be converted to an integer. How can I do this correctly?

推薦答案

read 方法將字節序列作為字符串返回.要將字符串字節序列轉換為二進制數據，請使用內置 struct 模塊:http://docs.python.org/library/struct.html.

The read method returns a sequence of bytes as a string. To convert from a string byte-sequence to binary data, use the built-in struct module: http://docs.python.org/library/struct.html.

import struct

print(struct.unpack('i', fin.read(4)))

請注意，unpack 總是返回一個元組，所以 struct.unpack('i', fin.read(4))[0] 給出了你所需要的整數值正在追趕.

Note that unpack always returns a tuple, so struct.unpack('i', fin.read(4))[0] gives the integer value that you are after.

您可能應該使用格式字符串 '<i'(< 是指示小端字節序和標準大小和對齊方式的修飾符 - 默認是使用平臺的字節順序、尺寸和對齊方式).根據 BMP 格式規范，字節應按 Intel/little-endian 字節順序寫入.

You should probably use the format string '<i' (< is a modifier that indicates little-endian byte-order and standard size and alignment - the default is to use the platform's byte ordering, size and alignment). According to the BMP format spec, the bytes should be written in Intel/little-endian byte order.

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