本文介紹了如何使用 python 同時運(yùn)行 matplotlib 和 PyQt5 Video的處理方法，對大家解決問題具有一定的參考價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)吧！
問題描述
我正在嘗試同時運(yùn)行 QVideoWidget 和 matplotlib 動畫，
I'm trying to run QVideoWidget and matplotlib animation together,
但是當(dāng)我運(yùn)行這個 py 時，QVideoWidget 不起作用.
but when I run this py, QVideoWidget is not working.
我得到了 QVideoWidget 代碼和 matplotlib 動畫代碼，然后將這些代碼匯總到下面的代碼中.
I got QVideoWidget code and matplotlib animation code then sum those code together in below code.
如果我關(guān)閉 matplotlib 動畫窗口，則 QVideoWidget 正在工作.
If I close the matplotlib animation Window, then the QVideoWidget is working.
我想知道為什么會發(fā)生這種情況并解決這個問題
I wonder why this happen and solve this problem
謝謝
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import random
from PyQt5.QtCore import QDir, Qt, QUrl
from PyQt5.QtMultimedia import QMediaContent, QMediaPlayer
from PyQt5.QtMultimediaWidgets import QVideoWidget
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QFileDialog, QHBoxLayout, QLabel,
QPushButton, QSizePolicy, QSlider, QStyle, QVBoxLayout, QWidget)
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow,QWidget, QPushButton, QAction
from PyQt5.QtGui import QIcon
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QCheckBox, QGridLayout, QGroupBox,
QMenu, QPushButton, QRadioButton, QVBoxLayout, QWidget)
# Parameters
x_len = 200 # Number of points to display
y_range = [10, 40] # Range of possible Y values to display
# Create figure for plotting
fig = plt.figure(facecolor='white')
ax = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 1)
bx = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 2)
xs = list(range(0, 200))
ys = [0] * x_len
ax.set_ylim(y_range)
bx.set_ylim(y_range)
# Initialize communication with TMP102
# When everything done, release the capture
# Create a blank line. We will update the line in animate
line, = ax.plot(xs, ys)
line2, = bx.plot(xs, ys)
# Add labels
plt.title('TMP102 Temperature over Time')
plt.xlabel('Samples')
plt.ylabel('Temperature (deg C)')
class VideoWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(VideoWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt Video Player Widget Example - pythonprogramminglanguage.com")
self.mediaPlayer = QMediaPlayer(None, QMediaPlayer.VideoSurface)
videoWidget = QVideoWidget()
self.playButton = QPushButton()
self.playButton.setEnabled(False)
self.playButton.setIcon(self.style().standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaPlay))
self.playButton.clicked.connect(self.play)
self.positionSlider = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal)
self.positionSlider.setRange(0, 0)
self.positionSlider.sliderMoved.connect(self.setPosition)
self.errorLabel = QLabel()
self.errorLabel.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Preferred,
QSizePolicy.Maximum)
# Create new action
openAction = QAction(QIcon('open.png'), '&Open', self)
openAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+O')
openAction.setStatusTip('Open movie')
openAction.triggered.connect(self.openFile)
# Create exit action
exitAction = QAction(QIcon('exit.png'), '&Exit', self)
exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')
exitAction.triggered.connect(self.exitCall)
# Create menu bar and add action
menuBar = self.menuBar()
fileMenu = menuBar.addMenu('&File')
#fileMenu.addAction(newAction)
fileMenu.addAction(openAction)
fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)
# Create a widget for window contents
wid = QWidget(self)
self.setCentralWidget(wid)
# Create layouts to place inside widget
controlLayout = QHBoxLayout()
controlLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
controlLayout.addWidget(self.playButton)
controlLayout.addWidget(self.positionSlider)
layout = QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(videoWidget)
layout.addLayout(controlLayout)
layout.addWidget(self.errorLabel)
# Set widget to contain window contents
wid.setLayout(layout)
self.mediaPlayer.setVideoOutput(videoWidget)
self.mediaPlayer.stateChanged.connect(self.mediaStateChanged)
self.mediaPlayer.positionChanged.connect(self.positionChanged)
self.mediaPlayer.durationChanged.connect(self.durationChanged)
self.mediaPlayer.error.connect(self.handleError)
def openFile(self):
fileName, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "Open Movie",
QDir.homePath())
if fileName != '':
self.mediaPlayer.setMedia(
QMediaContent(QUrl.fromLocalFile(fileName)))
self.playButton.setEnabled(True)
def exitCall(self):
sys.exit(app.exec_())
def play(self):
if self.mediaPlayer.state() == QMediaPlayer.PlayingState:
self.mediaPlayer.pause()
else:
self.mediaPlayer.play()
def mediaStateChanged(self, state):
if self.mediaPlayer.state() == QMediaPlayer.PlayingState:
self.playButton.setIcon(
self.style().standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaPause))
else:
self.playButton.setIcon(
self.style().standardIcon(QStyle.SP_MediaPlay))
def positionChanged(self, position):
self.positionSlider.setValue(position)
def durationChanged(self, duration):
self.positionSlider.setRange(0, duration)
def setPosition(self, position):
self.mediaPlayer.setPosition(position)
def handleError(self):
self.playButton.setEnabled(False)
self.errorLabel.setText("Error: " + self.mediaPlayer.errorString())
def animate(i, ys):
# Read temperature (Celsius) from TMP102
temp_c = random.randint(15, 35)
# Add y to list
ys.append(temp_c)
# Limit y list to set number of items
ys = ys[-x_len:]
# Update line with new Y values
line.set_ydata(ys)
line2.set_ydata(ys)
return line, line2,
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, fargs=(ys,),
interval=50,
blit=True)
# This function is called periodically from FuncAnimation
# Set up plot to call animate() function periodically
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
player = VideoWindow()
player.resize(640, 480)
player.show()
plt.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
推薦答案
每個 GUI 都需要一個事件循環(huán)來更新自身并參與用戶事件、操作系統(tǒng)事件等.對于 matplotlib，它在使用時被調(diào)用plt.show() 以及調(diào)用 app.exec_() 時的 PyQt5.使用您當(dāng)前的代碼，matplotlib 的事件循環(huán)正在阻塞 PyQt，因此您無法與 PyQt5 創(chuàng)建的窗口進(jìn)行交互.
Every GUI needs an event loop to be able to update itself and attend user events, OS events, etc. And in the case of matplotlib it is called when using plt.show() and in the case of PyQt5 when calling app.exec_(). With your current code the event loop of matplotlib is blocking PyQt, so you can not interact with the window created by PyQt5.
解決方法很簡單，matplotlib支持包括PyQt5在內(nèi)的多個后端，所以解決方法就是使用它，在下面鏈接你可以找到一個例子.
The solution is simple, matplotlib supports several backends including PyQt5, so the solution is to use it, in the following link you can find an example.
綜合考慮，下面的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)了解決方案:
Considering the above, the following code implements the solution:
import random
import matplotlib
# Make sure that we are using QT5
matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets, QtMultimedia, QtMultimediaWidgets
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.animation as animation
class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
# https://stackoverflow.com/a/6981055/6622587
ax = fig.add_subplot(111) # The big subplot
self.ax = fig.add_subplot(211)
self.bx = fig.add_subplot(212)
FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
self.setParent(parent)
FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding,
QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Expanding)
FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
ax.set_title('TMP102 Temperature over Time')
ax.spines['top'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['bottom'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['left'].set_color('none')
ax.spines['right'].set_color('none')
ax.tick_params(labelcolor='w', top=False, bottom=False, left=False, right=False)
ax.set_xlabel('Samples')
ax.set_ylabel('Temperature (deg C)')
self.x_len = 200 # Number of points to display
self.y_range = [10, 40] # Range of possible Y values to display
self.xs = list(range(0, 200))
self.ys = [0 for _ in range(self.x_len)]
self.anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, self.animate, init_func=self.init, interval=50,blit=True)
def init(self):
y_range = [10, 40]
self.ax.set_ylim(*y_range)
self.bx.set_ylim(*y_range)
self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.xs, self.ys)
self.line2, = self.bx.plot(self.xs, self.ys)
return self.line, self.line2
def animate(self, i):
temp_c = random.randint(15, 35)
self.ys.append(temp_c)
self.ys = self.ys[-self.x_len:]
self.line.set_ydata(self.ys)
self.line2.set_ydata(self.ys)
return self.line, self.line2
class ApplicationWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(ApplicationWindow, self).__init__(parent)
main_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
l = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(main_widget)
sc = MyMplCanvas(main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)
l.addWidget(sc)
self.setCentralWidget(main_widget)
class VideoWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(VideoWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.setWindowTitle("PyQt Video Player Widget Example - pythonprogramminglanguage.com")
self.mediaPlayer = QtMultimedia.QMediaPlayer(self, QtMultimedia.QMediaPlayer.VideoSurface)
videoWidget = QtMultimediaWidgets.QVideoWidget()
self.playButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton()
self.playButton.setEnabled(False)
self.playButton.setIcon(self.style().standardIcon(QtWidgets.QStyle.SP_MediaPlay))
self.playButton.clicked.connect(self.play)
self.positionSlider = QtWidgets.QSlider(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
self.positionSlider.setRange(0, 0)
self.positionSlider.sliderMoved.connect(self.setPosition)
self.errorLabel =QtWidgets.QLabel()
self.errorLabel.setSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Preferred, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Maximum)
# Create new action
openAction = QtWidgets.QAction(QtGui.QIcon('open.png'), '&Open', self)
openAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+O')
openAction.setStatusTip('Open movie')
openAction.triggered.connect(self.openFile)
# Create exit action
exitAction = QtWidgets.QAction(QtGui.QIcon('exit.png'), '&Exit', self)
exitAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
exitAction.setStatusTip('Exit application')
exitAction.triggered.connect(self.exitCall)
# Create menu bar and add action
menuBar = self.menuBar()
fileMenu = menuBar.addMenu('&File')
#fileMenu.addAction(newAction)
fileMenu.addAction(openAction)
fileMenu.addAction(exitAction)
# Create a widget for window contents
wid = QtWidgets.QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(wid)
# Create layouts to place inside widget
controlLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout()
controlLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
controlLayout.addWidget(self.playButton)
controlLayout.addWidget(self.positionSlider)
layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
layout.addWidget(videoWidget)
layout.addLayout(controlLayout)
layout.addWidget(self.errorLabel)
# Set widget to contain window contents
wid.setLayout(layout)
self.mediaPlayer.setVideoOutput(videoWidget)
self.mediaPlayer.stateChanged.connect(self.mediaStateChanged)
self.mediaPlayer.positionChanged.connect(self.positionChanged)
self.mediaPlayer.durationChanged.connect(self.durationChanged)
self.mediaPlayer.error.connect(self.handleError)
def openFile(self):
fileName, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "Open Movie", QtCore.QDir.homePath())
if fileName:
media = QtMultimedia.QMediaContent(QtCore.QUrl.fromLocalFile(fileName))
self.mediaPlayer.setMedia(media)
self.playButton.setEnabled(True)
def exitCall(self):
QtWidgets.QApplication.quit()
def play(self):
if self.mediaPlayer.state() == QtMultimedia.QMediaPlayer.PlayingState:
self.mediaPlayer.pause()
else:
self.mediaPlayer.play()
def mediaStateChanged(self, state):
if self.mediaPlayer.state() == QtMultimedia.QMediaPlayer.PlayingState:
self.playButton.setIcon(
self.style().standardIcon(QtWidgets.QStyle.SP_MediaPause))
else:
self.playButton.setIcon(
self.style().standardIcon(QtWidgets.QStyle.SP_MediaPlay))
def positionChanged(self, position):
self.positionSlider.setValue(position)
def durationChanged(self, duration):
self.positionSlider.setRange(0, duration)
def setPosition(self, position):
self.mediaPlayer.setPosition(position)
def handleError(self):
self.playButton.setEnabled(False)
self.errorLabel.setText("Error: " + self.mediaPlayer.errorString())
if __name__ == '__main__':
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
player = VideoWindow()
player.resize(640, 480)
player.show()
w = ApplicationWindow()
w.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
這篇關(guān)于如何使用 python 同時運(yùn)行 matplotlib 和 PyQt5 Video的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網(wǎng)！
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