問題描述

我有以下代碼:

import numpy as np

class ClassProperty(property):
    def __get__(self, cls, owner):
        return self.fget.__get__(None, owner)()

def coord(cls, c):
    if cls.dimension <= 2:
        return c
    else:
        return c + [0]*(cls.dimension-2)

class Basis_NonI(object):

    @ClassProperty
    @classmethod
    def zerocoord(cls):
        return coord(cls, [0,0])   
        
    def __init__(self, dimension):
        pass

class Basis_D(Basis_NonI):
    dimension = 2
    proj_matrix = np.array([Basis_D.zerocoord, Basis_D.zerocoord])
    def __init__(self, dimension):
        super(Basis_D, self).__init__(Basis_D.dimension)

基本上我希望 dimension 和 proj_matrix 成為 Basis_D 的類屬性.

where basically I want dimension and proj_matrixto be class attributes of Basis_D.

當我運行它時，出現以下錯誤:

When I run it, the following error is given:

proj_matrix = np.array([Basis_D.zerocoord, Basis_D.zerocoord])

proj_matrix = np.array([Basis_D.zerocoord, Basis_D.zerocoord])

NameError:名稱Basis_D"未定義

NameError: name 'Basis_D' is not defined

--

我不明白的是，我可以在init中使用Basis_D.dimension，那么為什么在我使用它來定義時它不能識別名稱Basis_Dproj_matrix?

What I don't understand is that I can use Basis_D.dimension in the init, so why does it not recongise the name Basis_D when I use it to define proj_matrix?

推薦答案

class 是一個可執行語句.首次導入模塊時(對于給定進程)，執行 class 語句頂層的所有代碼，以這種方式定義的所有名稱都收集到一個字典中，然后 >class 對象是用這個dict創建的，最后綁定到類名上.IOW，此時:

class is an executable statement. When the module is first imported (for a given process), all the code at the top-level of the class statement is executed, all names defined that way are collected into a dict, then the class object is created with this dict, and finally bound to the class name. IOW, at this point:

class Basis_D(Basis_NonI):
   dimension = 2
   # HERE
   proj_matrix = np.array([Basis_D.zerocoord, Basis_D.zerocoord])

該類尚未創建，也未綁定到名稱Basis_D.

the class has not yet been created nor bound to the name Basis_D.

現在調用 __init__ 時，該類已經創建并綁定到模塊級名稱 Basis_D，因此可以解析名稱.

Now by the time __init__ is called, the class has already been created and bound to the module-level name Basis_D, so the name can be resolved.

FWIW，你不應該在你的方法中直接引用 Basis_D，而是 type(self) (甚至是 self - 如果一個名字沒有解析為實例屬性，而是在類中查找).

FWIW, you shouldn't directly reference Basis_D in your methods, but type(self) (or even self - if a name is not resolved as an instance attribute, it's looked up on the class).

另外，你為什么堅持使用類屬性?您是否了解您的 project_matrix 數組將在 Basis_D 的所有實例之間共享?

Also, why do you insist on using class attributes ? Do you understand that your project_matrix array will be shared amongst all instances of Basis_D ?

這篇關于NameError:未在類本身內部定義的類的名稱 - python的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網！