問題描述

以下是 pandas 數據框和由此生成的條形圖:

colors_list = ['#5cb85c','#5bc0de','#d9534f']result.plot(kind='bar',figsize=(15,4),width = 0.8,color = colors_list,edgecolor=None)plt.legend(labels=result.columns,fontsize=14)plt.title("受訪者對數據科學領域感興趣的百分比",fontsize= 16)plt.xticks(字體大小=14)對于 plt.gca().spines.values() 中的脊椎:脊柱.set_visible(假)plt.yticks([])

我需要在相應欄上方顯示各個主題的每個興趣類別的百分比.我可以創建一個包含百分比的列表，但我不明白如何將它添加到相應欄的頂部.

嘗試將以下 for 循環添加到您的代碼中:

ax = result.plot(kind='bar', figsize=(15,4), width=0.8, color=colors_list, edgecolor=None)對于 ax.patches 中的 p:寬度 = p.get_width()高度 = p.get_height()x, y = p.get_xy()ax.annotate(f'{height}', (x + width/2, y + height*1.02), ha='center')

說明

通常，您使用

The following are the pandas dataframe and the bar chart generated from it:

colors_list = ['#5cb85c','#5bc0de','#d9534f']
result.plot(kind='bar',figsize=(15,4),width = 0.8,color = colors_list,edgecolor=None)
plt.legend(labels=result.columns,fontsize= 14)
plt.title("Percentage of Respondents' Interest in Data Science Areas",fontsize= 16)

plt.xticks(fontsize=14)
for spine in plt.gca().spines.values():
    spine.set_visible(False)
plt.yticks([])

I need to display the percentages of each interest category for the respective subject above their corresponding bar. I can create a list with the percentages, but I don't understand how to add it on top of the corresponding bar.

Try adding the following for loop to your code:

ax = result.plot(kind='bar', figsize=(15,4), width=0.8, color=colors_list, edgecolor=None)

for p in ax.patches:
    width = p.get_width()
    height = p.get_height()
    x, y = p.get_xy() 
    ax.annotate(f'{height}', (x + width/2, y + height*1.02), ha='center')

Explanation

In general, you use Axes.annotate to add annotations to your plots.
This method takes the text value of the annotation and the xy coords on which to place the annotation.

In a barplot, each "bar" is represented by a patch.Rectangle and each of these rectangles has the attributes width, height and the xy coords of the lower left corner of the rectangle, all of which can be obtained with the methods patch.get_width, patch.get_height and patch.get_xy respectively.

Putting this all together, the solution is to loop through each patch in your Axes, and set the annotation text to be the height of that patch, with an appropriate xy position that's just above the centre of the patch - calculated from it's height, width and xy coords.

For your specific need to annotate with the percentages, I would first normalize your DataFrame and plot that instead.

colors_list = ['#5cb85c','#5bc0de','#d9534f']

# Normalize result
result_pct = result.div(result.sum(1), axis=0)

ax = result_pct.plot(kind='bar',figsize=(15,4),width = 0.8,color = colors_list,edgecolor=None)
plt.legend(labels=result.columns,fontsize= 14)
plt.title("Percentage of Respondents' Interest in Data Science Areas",fontsize= 16)

plt.xticks(fontsize=14)
for spine in plt.gca().spines.values():
    spine.set_visible(False)
plt.yticks([])

# Add this loop to add the annotations
for p in ax.patches:
    width = p.get_width()
    height = p.get_height()
    x, y = p.get_xy() 
    ax.annotate(f'{height:.0%}', (x + width/2, y + height*1.02), ha='center')

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