問題描述

我開始學習 python 并喜歡它.我主要在 Mac 和 Linux 上工作.當我使用 apt-get 安裝 python 模塊時，我發現在 Linux(主要是 Ubuntu 9.04)上它工作正常.我可以毫無問題地導入它.

I'm starting to learn python and loving it. I work on a Mac mainly as well as Linux. I'm finding that on Linux (Ubuntu 9.04 mostly) when I install a python module using apt-get it works fine. I can import it with no trouble.

在 Mac 上，我習慣于使用 Macports 來安裝所有 Unixy 的東西.但是，我發現我安裝的大多數 python 模塊都沒有被 python 看到.我花了一些時間玩 PATH 設置和使用 python_select .沒有什么真正起作用，在這一點上我還沒有真正理解，我只是在閑逛.

On the Mac, I'm used to using Macports to install all the Unixy stuff. However, I'm finding that most of the python modules I install with it are not being seen by python. I've spent some time playing around with PATH settings and using python_select . Nothing has really worked and at this point I'm not really understanding, instead I'm just poking around.

我的印象是 Macports 在管理 python 模塊方面并不普遍.我想使用更被接受"(如果這是正確的話)的方法重新開始.

I get the impression that Macports isn't universally loved for managing python modules. I'd like to start fresh using a more "accepted" (if that's the right word) approach.

那么，我想知道，Mac python 開發人員使用什么方法來管理他們的模塊?

額外問題:

你用的是蘋果的python，還是其他版本?你是從源代碼編譯所有東西，還是有一個運行良好的包管理器(Fink?).

Do you use Apple's python, or some other version? Do you compile everything from source or is there a package manger that works well (Fink?).

推薦答案

最流行的管理 python 包的方法(如果你沒有使用系統包管理器)是使用 setuptools 和 easy_install.它可能已經安裝在您的系統上.像這樣使用它:

The most popular way to manage python packages (if you're not using your system package manager) is to use setuptools and easy_install. It is probably already installed on your system. Use it like this:

easy_install django

easy_install 使用 Python 包索引，這對于 python 開發人員來說是一個了不起的資源.看看周圍有哪些可用的軟件包.

easy_install uses the Python Package Index which is an amazing resource for python developers. Have a look around to see what packages are available.

更好的選擇是 pip，因為它試圖 修復很多與easy_install相關的問題.Pip 使用與 easy_install 相同的軟件包存儲庫，它只是工作得更好.真正需要使用 easy_install 的唯一時間是這個命令:

A better option is pip, which is gaining traction, as it attempts to fix a lot of the problems associated with easy_install. Pip uses the same package repository as easy_install, it just works better. Really the only time use need to use easy_install is for this command:

easy_install pip

之后，使用:

pip install django

在某些時候，您可能想了解一點 virtualenv.如果你在包需求沖突的項目上進行大量 python 開發，virtualenv 是天賜之物.它將允許您擁有各種包的完全不同版本，并根據您的需要在它們之間輕松切換.

At some point you will probably want to learn a bit about virtualenv. If you do a lot of python development on projects with conflicting package requirements, virtualenv is a godsend. It will allow you to have completely different versions of various packages, and switch between them easily depending your needs.

關于使用哪個 python，堅持使用 Apple 的 python 將不會讓您頭疼，但如果您需要更新的版本(我相信 Leopard 是 2.5.1)，我會選擇 macports python 2.6.

Regarding which python to use, sticking with Apple's python will give you the least headaches, but If you need a newer version (Leopard is 2.5.1 I believe), I would go with the macports python 2.6.

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