高并發(fā)網(wǎng)站架構(gòu)的核心原則其實(shí)就一句話“把所有的用戶訪問請(qǐng)求都盡量往前推“，即：能緩存在用戶電腦本地的，就不要讓他去訪問CDN。 能緩存CDN服務(wù)器上的，就不要讓CDN去訪問源（靜態(tài)服務(wù)器）了。能訪問靜態(tài)服務(wù)器的，就不要去訪問動(dòng)態(tài)服務(wù)器。以此類推：能不訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫和存儲(chǔ)就一定不要去訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫和存儲(chǔ)。
WordPress最好的優(yōu)化方式就是盡量不安裝插件，Wordpress是典型的PHP-MySQL應(yīng)用，去做數(shù)據(jù)庫緩存，倒不如讓輕量級(jí)的Nginx直接去緩存WordPress內(nèi)容。
Nginx內(nèi)置FastCgi緩存，但是不支持自動(dòng)清除緩存。當(dāng)你在Wordpress里面新建/修改一篇文章，或者訪客提交評(píng)論的時(shí)候，自動(dòng)清空相關(guān)的緩存是必要的！Nginx需要安裝ngx_cache_purg+量身定做的WordPress緩存清理插件：Nginx Helper。
1. 安裝Nginx ngx_cache_purge模塊
1）查看ngx_cache_purge是否安裝
nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o ngx_cache_purge
顯示ngx_cache_purge表示已經(jīng)安裝
2）安裝ngx_cache_purge模塊
《OneinStack》和《lnmp一鍵安裝包》下安裝ngx_cache_purge模塊
cd /root/oneinstack/src
wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz
tar xzf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
tar xzf nginx-1.9.10.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.9.10
nginx -V #查看nginx編譯參數(shù)，最后加上--add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www \
--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_ssl_module \
--with-ipv6 --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_flv_module --with-ld-opt=-ljemalloc \
--add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3
make #編譯
mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx{,_`date +%F`} #備份nginx
cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin
nginx -V 2>&1 | grep -o ngx_cache_purge
# 顯示ngx_cache_purge表示已經(jīng)安裝成功
2. Nginx配置
建議將fastcgi_cache_path設(shè)置tmpfs內(nèi)存中，操作系統(tǒng)不同tmpfs路徑也不同，如下：
CentOS：/dev/shm
Ubuntu和Debian：/run/shm
修改nginx虛擬主機(jī)配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/blog.linuxeye.com.conf：
fastcgi_cache_path /dev/shm/nginx-cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=WORDPRESS:100m inactive=60m;
fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri";
fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;
fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/linuxeye_blog.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/linuxeye_blog.key;
ssl_ciphers "CHACHA20:GCM:HIGH:!DH:!RC4:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!PSK:!SRP:!DSS";
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;
#ssl_stapling on;
#ssl_stapling_verify on;
resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s;
resolver_timeout 5s;
server_name blog.linuxeye.com;
access_log /home/wwwlogs/blog_nginx.log combined;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
include wordpress.conf;
root /home/wwwroot/blog;
set $skip_cache 0;
if ($request_method = POST) {
set $skip_cache 1;
}
if ($query_string != "") {
set $skip_cache 1;
}
if ($request_uri ~* "/wp-admin/|/xmlrpc.php|wp-.*.php|/feed/|index.php|sitemap(_index)?.xml") {
set $skip_cache 1;
}
if ($http_cookie ~* "comment_author|wordpress_[a-f0-9]+|wp-postpass|wordpress_no_cache|wordpress_logged_in") {
set $skip_cache 1;
}
location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
#fastcgi_pass remote_php_ip:9000;
fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi.conf;
fastcgi_cache_bypass $skip_cache;
fastcgi_no_cache $skip_cache;
fastcgi_cache WORDPRESS;
fastcgi_cache_valid 60m;
}
location ~ /purge(/.*) {
allow 127.0.0.1;
deny all;
fastcgi_cache_purge WORDPRESS "$scheme$request_method$host$1";
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|flv|ico)$ {
expires 30d;
access_log off;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
expires 7d;
access_log off;
}
}
使nginx配置生效
service nginx reload