The basic Node.js structure you'll need to understand is a module.

[A module is a] 您希望在應(yīng)用程序中包含的一組函數(shù).

[A module is a] set of functions you want to include in your application.

^{引自 w3schools.com.}

因此，可以將模塊視為一個(gè)包含代碼片段的整齊粘貼的盒子.你可以把包裹帶到某個(gè)地方，打開它，然后拆開包裝.在 JavaScript 術(shù)語中，您可以在程序中的其他地方要求該模塊，并利用其中包含的代碼.模塊可以包含您需要在代碼的不同位置使用的變量、類、函數(shù)等.

So, think of a module as a neatly taped up box containing pieces of code. You can take the package somewhere, open it up, and unpack the pieces. In JavaScript terms, you can require the module somewhere else in your program, and utilize the code contained within it. Modules can contain variables, classes, functions, etc. that you need to use throughout different locations across your code.

既然您知道什么是模塊，那么您必須了解如何使用它們.

Now that you know what a module is, you have to understand how to work with them.

出于處理程序的目的，您將只使用 module 對象的 exports 屬性.通過對模塊使用 require()，module.exports 返回.請考慮以下設(shè)置.

For the purpose of the handlers, you're only going to be using the exports property of the module object. By using require() for a module, module.exports is returned. Consider the following setups.

_Question.js

class Question {
  constructor(author, details) {
    this.author = author;
    this.details = details;
    this.answers = [];
  }
}

module.exports = Question;

_{newQuestion.js}

const Question = require('./Question.js');

const myQuestion = new Question('me', 'How to code event/command handlers?');

在 Question.js 中，創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)新類 Question，并將其分配給 module.exports.然后，當(dāng) newQuestion.js 中需要 Question.js 時(shí)，Question 被聲明為導(dǎo)出的類.它可以像往常一樣使用.

In Question.js, a new class, Question, is created and assigned to module.exports. Then, when Question.js is required in newQuestion.js, Question is declared as the exported class. It can be used just as usual.

現(xiàn)在，例如，如果您需要導(dǎo)出多個(gè)類...

Now, for example, if you needed to export multiple classes...

_Posts.js

class Question {...}
class Answer {...}

module.exports = { Question, Answer };

// Alternatively...
// module.exports.Question = Question;
// module.exports.Answer = Answer;

_{newQuestion.js}

const { Question } = require('./Posts.js');

const myQuestion = new Question(...);

這樣，module.exports 被定義為一個(gè)對象，包含所創(chuàng)建的類.這意味著 require() 將返回一個(gè)對象，因此您可以 從對象中解構(gòu)所需的類.

In this way, module.exports is defined as an object, containing the created classes. This means that require() will return an object instead, so you can destructure the needed class from the object.

您應(yīng)該首先為您的活動(dòng)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文件夾，然后為每個(gè)活動(dòng)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文件.根據(jù)事件的名稱命名文件.例如，對于您客戶的 message event，該文件應(yīng)命名為 message.js.

You should start by creating a folder for your events, and create a file for each one. Name the files according to the name of the event. For example, for your client's message event, the file should be named message.js.

實(shí)現(xiàn)您現(xiàn)在對模塊的了解，您可以編寫事件文件.比如……

Implementing what you now know about modules, you can code the event files. For example...

_message.js

module.exports = (client, message) => {
  // This code will be executed when
  // the 'message' event is emitted.
};

設(shè)置處理程序.

要制作實(shí)際的處理程序，您可以將以下代碼放在函數(shù)中以加載事件...

Setting up the handler.

To make the actual handler, you can place the following code in a function to load events...

const requireAll = require('require-all');   // Don't forget to install!

const files = requireAll({                   // Require all the files within your
  dirname: `${__dirname}/events`,            // event directory which have a name
  filter: /^(?!-)(.+).js$/                  // ending in '.js' NOT starting
});                                          // with '-' (a way to disable files).

client.removeAllListeners();                 // Prevent duplicate listeners on reload.
                                             // CAUTION: THIS REMOVES LISTENERS
                                             // ATTACHED BY DISCORD.JS!

for (const name in files) {                  // Iterate through the files object
  const event = files[name];                 // and attach listeners to each
                                             // event, passing 'client' as the
  client.on(name, event.bind(null, client)); // first parameter, and the rest
                                             // of the expected parameters
  console.log(`Event loaded: ${name}`);      // afterwards. Then, log the
}                                            // successful load to the console.

現(xiàn)在，當(dāng)您的客戶端發(fā)出您有文件的事件之一時(shí)，其中的代碼就會(huì)運(yùn)行.

Now, when your client emits one of the events you have a file for, the code inside of it is run.

就像事件處理程序一樣，您應(yīng)該首先為您的命令創(chuàng)建一個(gè)單獨(dú)的文件夾，然后為每個(gè)單獨(dú)的命令創(chuàng)建文件.

Just like for the event handler, you should start by creating a separate folder for your commands, and create files for each individual command.

您可以導(dǎo)出一個(gè)運(yùn)行"函數(shù)和一個(gè)配置對象，而不是只導(dǎo)出一個(gè)函數(shù).

Instead of exporting just one function, you can export a "run" function and a configuration object.

_help.js

module.exports.run = async (client, message, args) => {
  // This code will be executed to
  // run the 'help' command.
};

module.exports.config = {
  name: 'help',
  aliases: ['h'] // Even if you don't want an alias, leave this as an array.
};

設(shè)置處理程序.

就像事件處理程序一樣，將此代碼放在一個(gè)函數(shù)中以加載命令...

Setting up the handler.

Just like the event handler, place this code in a function to load commands...

const requireAll = require('require-all');   // Using the same npm module...

const files = requireAll({                   // Require all the files within your
  dirname: `${__dirname}/commands`,          // command directory which have a name
  filter: /^(?!-)(.+).js$/                  // ending in '.js' NOT starting
});                                          // with '-' (a way to disable files).

client.commands = new Map();                 // Create new Maps for the corresponding
client.aliases = new Map();                  // command names/commands, and aliases.

for (const name in files) {                  // Iterate through the files object
  const cmd = files[name];                   // and set up the 'commands' and
                                             // 'aliases' Maps. Then, log the
  client.commands.set(cmd.config.name, cmd); // successful load to the console.
  for (const a of cmd.config.aliases) client.aliases.set(a, cmd.config.name);

  console.log(`Command loaded: ${cmd.config.name}`);
}

在您客戶端的 message 事件中，您可以使用以下代碼運(yùn)行命令...

In your client's message event, you can use the following code to run the commands...

const prefix = '!'; // Example
const [cmd, ...args] = message.content.trim().slice(prefix.length).split(/s+/g);

const command = client.commands.get(cmd) || client.commands.get(client.aliases.get(cmd));
if (command) {
  command.run(client, message, args);
  console.log(`Executing ${command.config.name} command for ${message.author.tag}.`);
}

<小時(shí)>

常見問題.

如果我需要傳遞事件/命令的數(shù)據(jù)庫相關(guān)變量或其他變量怎么辦?

對于事件，您可以在 event.on(...) 中傳遞您的變量，在 client 之后.然后在您的實(shí)際事件中，您的函數(shù)必須在 client 之后包含該參數(shù).

For events, you can pass your variable in event.on(...), following client. Then in your actual events, your function must include that parameter after client.

對于命令，您可以在 message 事件中調(diào)用時(shí)將變量傳遞給 run 函數(shù).同樣，在您的函數(shù)中，您需要包含正確放置的參數(shù).

For commands, you can pass your variable into the run function when calling it in the message event. Again, in your function, you need to include the properly placed parameter.

如果我想在子文件夾中包含命令/事件怎么辦?

查看此答案以進(jìn)行遞歸搜索.

Check out this answer to search recursively.

如何將這些處理程序用于重新加載命令?

如果您將它們的代碼放在函數(shù)中，您可以設(shè)置一個(gè)重新加載"命令來調(diào)用這些函數(shù)，再次加載事件和命令.

If you placed the code for them inside of functions, you can set up a "reload" command that calls those functions, loading the events and commands again.

• Node.js 文檔
• MDN 文檔
• W3Schools 教程
• require-all 包
• Discord.js 文檔

• client.removeAllListeners() 將刪除附加到客戶端的所有 監(jiān)聽器，包括那些源自客戶端實(shí)例化的監(jiān)聽器.這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致與語音連接相關(guān)的錯(cuò)誤，特別是 語音連接未在 15 秒內(nèi)建立 被拋出.為防止出現(xiàn)此問題，請跟蹤每個(gè)偵聽器函數(shù)并使用 client.removeListener(listener) 單獨(dú)刪除每個(gè)函數(shù).

• client.removeAllListeners() will remove all listeners attached to the client, including those originating from client instantiation. This can cause voice connection related errors, specifically Voice connection not established within 15 seconds being thrown. To prevent this issue, keep track of every listener function and remove each individually using client.removeListener(listener).

這篇關(guān)于如何為我的 Discord.js 機(jī)器人編寫事件/命令處理程序?的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網(wǎng)！