問題描述

我正在嘗試在 VSCode 中構建我的 C++ 項目.但是，我遇到 OpenCV 的鏈接問題錯誤 LNK2001:未解析的外部符號".我已經構建了與 vcpkg 一起使用的所有庫.

I'm trying to build my C++ project in VSCode. However, I'm experiencing link issues with OpenCV "error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol". I've build all the libraries I use with vcpkg.

我使用這個 .bat 文件構建:

I build using this .bat file:

@echo off
if exist "C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio2019BuildToolsVCAuxiliaryBuildvcvarsall.bat" (
    call "C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio2019BuildToolsVCAuxiliaryBuildvcvarsall.bat" x64
) else (
    call "C:Program Files (x86)Microsoft Visual Studio2019CommunityVCAuxiliaryBuildvcvarsall.bat" x64
)
set compilerflags=/Od /Zi /EHsc /std:c++latest /I include /I C:includesvcpkginstalledx64-windowsinclude
set linkerflags=/OUT:binmain.exe
cl.exe %compilerflags% src*.cpp /link %linkerflags% /LIBPATH:C:includesvcpkginstalledx64-windowslib
del bin*.ilk *.obj *.pdb

我的 tasks.json 文件是:

My tasks.json file is:

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "Build C++ project",
            "type": "shell",
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "command": ".\build.bat"
        },
        {
            "label": "Build & run C++ project",
            "type": "shell",
            "group": {
                "kind": "test",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "command": ".\build.bat && .\bin\main.exe"
        }
    ]
}

我的launch.json文件是:

My launch.json file is:

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "C++ Debug (Windows)",
            "type": "cppvsdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/main.exe",
            "preLaunchTask": "Build C++ project",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
        }
    ]
}

最后我的 settings.json 文件是:

and finally my settings.json file is:

{
    "terminal.integrated.shell.windows": "cmd.exe"
}

我似乎找不到任何關于如何使用 MSVS 編譯器將 vcpkg 庫與 VSCode 正確鏈接的文檔.我真的很感激一些幫助.

I can't seem to find any documentation on how to properly link vcpkg libraries with VSCode using the MSVS compiler. I would really appreciate some help.

推薦答案

我最近在 Windows 10 上安裝了 OpenCV 4.3.0 (64bits) 并且不得不配置一個工作區在 Visual Studio Code (VSC) 中構建一個簡單的應用程序.

I recently installed OpenCV 4.3.0 (64bits) on Windows 10 and had to configure a workspace in Visual Studio Code (VSC) to build a simple application.

以下配置使用 cl.exe 的 x64 版本，這是 Microsoft Visual Studio 2019(社區版)附帶的 C/C++ 編譯器來構建 OpenCV 應用程序.

The following configuration uses the x64 version of cl.exe, the C/C++ compiler that ships with Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 (Community Edition) to build the OpenCV application.

請注意在此 tasks.json 文件中定義的路徑，因為它們在您的系統中可能會有所不同:

Pay attention to the paths defined on this tasks.json file because they might be different in your system:

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "windows": {
        "options": {
            "shell": {
                "executable": "C:\WINDOWS\System32\cmd.exe",
                "args": [ "/d", "/c" ]
            }
        },
        "isShellCommand": true,
        "showOutput": "always",
        "echoCommand": true,
    },
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build_vs2019",
            "type": "shell",    
            "windows": {
                "command": "call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat" && cl.exe",
                "args": [
                    "/Zi",
                    "/EHsc",
                    "/Fe:",
                    "${fileDirname}\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                    "${file}",
                    "-I", "C:\opencv\build\include",
                    "/link", "/libpath:C:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib", "opencv_world430.lib"
                ],              
                "problemMatcher": [ "$msCompile" ],
            },
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "run",
            "type": "shell",
            "dependsOn": [ "build_vs2019" ],
            "windows": {
                "command": "${fileDirname}\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
                "args": [ "superDark.jpg" ],
                "options": {
                    "env": {
                        "PATH": "C:\opencv\build\x64\vc15\bin"
                    }
                }
            },  
            "presentation": {               
                "reveal": "silent",
                "clear": true,
                "showReuseMessage": false,
            }
        }
    ]
}

必須使用此配置來替換工作區中的配置.嘗試運行任務時，它將為您提供兩個選項供您選擇:

This configuration must be used to replace the one in your workspace. It will give you two options to select from when attempting to run tasks:

• build_vs2019:將shell定義為cmd.exe并執行vcvars64.bat來設置環境變量和路徑，讓您使用 cl.exe 的 x64 版本.它還指定了構建基于 OpenCV 的應用程序所需的頭文件和所需的庫.此選項構建應用程序.

• build_vs2019: defines the shell as cmd.exe and executes vcvars64.bat to setup the environment variables and paths that let you use the x64 version of cl.exe. It also specifies the headers and required libraries to build an OpenCV-based application. This option builds the application.

run:取決于上一個任務的成功，在 cmd 行上運行 OpenCV 應用程序.它調整 PATH 環境變量以指向 OpenCV DLLs 目錄.此選項執行應用程序.

run: depends on the success of the previous task to run the OpenCV application on the cmd-line. It adjusts the PATH environment variable to point to OpenCV DLLs directory. This option executes the application.

這篇關于在 VSCode 中使用 MSVS 編譯器構建 OpenCV 應用程序的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網！